Glossary

60%c, 50%m, 50%y, 100%k also called Super Black.

The sticky substance applied to the back of labels to adhere them to various surfaces. Adhesives can vary in strength, permanence, and suitability for different applications.

Artboard Artboard

A coated board stock in between matt and gloss finish.

Ascender Ascender

The part of a lowercase letter that extends above the x-height, such as the upward stroke in "b" or "h."

Aspect Ratio Aspect Ratio

The proportional relationship between the width and height of an image or design. Maintaining the aspect ratio ensures that the image is not distorted when resized.

Banner Banner

A large, printed display typically made of vinyl or fabric material used for advertising or promotional purposes. Banners are commonly used for indoor and outdoor signage.

Baseline Baseline

The imaginary line on which the base of each character in a line of text rests.

Binding Binding

The process of fastening printed sheets together to form a book or other multi-page document. Common binding methods include saddle stitching, perfect binding, wire-o binding, and spiral binding.

Bitmap Bitmap

An image format that consists of a grid of individual pixels, where each pixel represents a specific color or shade. Bitmap images are resolution-dependent and can appear pixelated when enlarged.

Blanket Blanket

A rubber-covered cylinder in an offset printing press that receives the ink from the printing plate and transfers it onto the paper. The blanket helps ensure even ink distribution and protects the paper from direct contact with the plate.

Bleed Bleed

A printing term that refers to the area of a printed document that extends beyond the finished size, allowing for trimming. It ensures that the ink extends all the way to the edge of the paper.

Bond Bond

Laser stock

Branding Branding

The process of creating and maintaining a consistent and recognizable identity for a product, company, or organization. Branding involves designing logos, selecting colours, creating visual guidelines, and establishing brand voice and values.

Choke Choke

A technique used to slightly decrease the size of the background colour or image to prevent misregistration issues when printing on top of it with another colour or element.

CMYK CMYK

Stands for Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Key (black). It is the standard colour model used in printing, where different combinations of these colours are used to create a full range of colours.

Coated Paper Coated Paper

Paper that has been treated with a coating to enhance print quality and achieve a smooth and glossy finish. The coating helps prevent ink absorption, resulting in sharper images and vibrant colours.

Collate Collate

The process of arranging printed sheets or pages in a specific order. For example, if you have a multiple-page document that needs to be collated, it means arranging the pages in the correct sequence.

Colour Management Colour Management

The process of controlling and maintaining consistent colour accuracy throughout the prepress and printing workflow. Colour management involves calibrating devices, creating colour profiles, and ensuring proper colour conversions.

Colour Separation Colour Separation

The process of dividing a full-colour image or design into separate colour channels (usually CMYK) for printing. Colour separation creates individual plates or screens for each colour, enabling accurate reproduction of colours during the printing process.

Crop Marks Crop Marks

Thin lines or tick marks placed at the corners of a printed piece to indicate where it should be trimmed. Crop marks help guide the trimming process and ensure accurate cutting.

CTP CTP

Computer to Plate – Plate processing technology

Data Merge Data Merge

The process of combining a layout or design template with variable data from a database or spreadsheet. Data merge enables the creation of customized, data-driven designs for items such as personalized letters, envelopes, or event tickets.

Descender Descender

The part of a lowercase letter that extends below the baseline, such as the downward stroke in "g" or "p."

Die Cutting Die Cutting

A process that uses a sharp, custom-shaped die to cut unique shapes or designs out of printed materials. It allows for the creation of intricate and custom-shaped products like business cards, packaging, and promotional items.

Digital Printing Digital Printing

A printing method that involves directly transferring digital files onto paper or other printing substrates without the need for traditional printing plates. Digital printing is suitable for short print runs, variable data printing, and quick turnaround times.

Dot Gain Dot Gain

The phenomenon that occurs when ink dots printed on paper spread slightly, resulting in larger dots and overall darker printed images. Dot gain is influenced by factors such as paper type, ink density, and printing press characteristics.

Dot Gain Compensation Dot Gain Compensation

Adjustments made in the prepress or printing process to compensate for the inherent dot gain that occurs when the ink spreads slightly during the printing process. Dot gain compensation ensures accurate reproduction of image details and colours.

DPI DPI

Dots Per Inch. It is a measure of printing resolution, indicating the number of dots that can be printed per inch. Higher DPI results in finer detail and sharper images.

Dry Ink Dry Ink

A type of toner or ink used in digital printing that does not require additional drying time after being applied to the substrate. Dry ink allows for faster turnaround times and immediate handling of printed materials.

Dye Sublimation Dye Sublimation

A printing process that uses heat to transfer dye onto various materials, such as fabric or coated substrates. Dye sublimation printing results in vibrant, durable, and long-lasting prints, especially for textiles and apparel.

Embedded Fonts Embedded Fonts

Fonts that are embedded while creating PDF.

Embellishment Embellishment

Decorative enhancements or finishes applied to printed materials to enhance their visual appeal. Examples include foiling (adding metallic or reflective accents), spot UV coating, or specialty coatings like soft-touch or textured finishes.

Embossing Embossing

A technique used to create a raised, three-dimensional effect on a printed surface by pressing the paper from behind. It adds texture and enhances the visual appeal of a design.

Facestock Facestock

The front-facing material of a label, which carries the printed design and text. Facestock materials can include paper, film, vinyl, or other substrates.

File Preparation File Preparation

The process of preparing digital files for print production. This includes tasks such as checking file formats, resolution, colour spaces, and ensuring proper image and text placement.

Finish Finish

Refers to the surface texture or coating applied to printed materials. Common finishes include glossy, matt, satin, and varnish, each offering different visual and tactile effects.

Finishing Finishing

All processes that follow the sheets being printed.

Flatbed Printer Flatbed Printer

A type of wide format printer that utilizes a flat printing surface instead of rolls of media. Flatbed printers can print on rigid materials.

Flexographic Printing Flexographic Printing

A printing process commonly used for label printing, utilising flexible rubber or polymer plates to transfer ink onto the label material. Flexographic printing is known for its high-speed production and cost-effectiveness.

Flysheet Flysheet

A blank sheet of paper placed at the beginning and end of a print run in an offset printing press. The flysheet helps protect the printed sheets from potential damage during the start-up and shutdown of the press.

Foil Stamping Foil Stamping

A process that uses heat and pressure to apply metallic or coloured foils onto printed materials. Foil stamping adds a luxurious and eye-catching effect.

Fountain Roller Fountain Roller

A roller in the inking unit of an offset printing press that transfers ink from the ink fountain to the distribution rollers. The fountain roller helps maintain a consistent ink flow and distribution.

Fountain Solution Fountain Solution

A mixture of water and chemicals used in offset printing to dampen the non-image area of the printing plate. The fountain solution helps maintain the balance between ink and water on the plate, preventing unwanted ink from transferring to non-image areas.

FSC FSC

Part recycled / part forest plantation paper.

Gamut Gamut

The range of colours that a device can reproduce. Gamut is influenced by factors such as the colour space, inks or toners used, and the printing technology employed.

Ghosting Ghosting

Faint or unwanted images that appear on a printed piece due to residual toner or ink on the printing equipment or when printing over an area that was not properly cleaned.

Gloss Gloss

Shiny looking stock.

Graphic Design Graphic Design

The creative process of visually communicating ideas and messages through the use of typography, images, colours, and layout. Graphic designers use various software and design principles to create visually appealing and effective designs.

Grayscale Grayscale

A range of grey shades between black and white. It is commonly used for black and white images or when colour is not necessary.

Grid System Grid System

A framework or structure used in graphic design to organize and align elements on a page. Grid systems provide consistency, structure, and aid in maintaining visual harmony across a design.

Grip Edge Grip Edge

The edge of a sheet of paper that is held by the grippers on a printing press to feed it through the press.

Gripper Gripper

A device on an offset printing press that holds and advances the paper through the press. Grippers securely grip the leading edge of the paper, allowing for precise feeding and registration.

Gripper Margin Gripper Margin

The blank space on the leading edge of a sheet of paper in an offset printing press, where the grippers hold and advance the paper. The gripper margin is typically left unprinted and trimmed during the finishing process.

GSM GSM

Grams per Square Metre - unit measurement of paper.

Gutter Gutter

The space between columns of text or between facing pages in a book or magazine. The gutter helps accommodate the binding and prevents text or images from being lost in the binding process.

Halftone Halftone

A technique used to simulate continuous-tone images (such as photographs) by converting them into patterns of small dots. Different dot sizes or densities create the illusion of shades and gradients in the printed image.

Hard Proof Hard Proof

A physical proof of a printed piece that accurately represents the final product in terms of colour, resolution, and layout. Hard proofs are often used for colour-critical projects or client approvals.

Imposition Imposition

The arrangement and positioning of pages or images in a specific order to optimize printing efficiency. Imposition ensures that pages are printed in the correct sequence for folding, binding, or finishing processes.

Impression Cylinder Impression Cylinder

The cylinder on an offset printing press that applies pressure to the blanket cylinder, transferring the inked image from the blanket to the paper. The impression cylinder ensures proper ink transfer and print quality.

Ink Density Ink Density

The concentration or thickness of ink applied to the printing plate in offset printing. Ink density affects the colour saturation, vibrancy, and opacity of the printed image.

Ink Fountain Ink Fountain

The reservoir or container on an offset printing press that holds the ink. The ink fountain supplies ink to the inking rollers for distribution onto the printing plate.

Ink Key Ink Key

A mechanism on an offset printing press that controls the amount of ink delivered to the printing plate. Ink keys allow for precise ink adjustment, helping to achieve consistent color and coverage.

Inking Unit Inking Unit

The part of an offset printing press that applies ink to the printing plate. The inking unit consists of rollers that distribute the ink evenly and transfer it to the plate.

Inkjet Printing Inkjet Printing

A digital printing technology that uses tiny droplets of ink sprayed onto the substrate to create images or text. Inkjet printing is versatile, capable of printing on various materials, and offers high-resolution output.

Kerning Kerning

The adjustment of spacing between individual characters in a typeface to improve readability and visual aesthetics. Kerning ensures even spacing between letters and prevents awkward gaps or collisions.

Knockout Knockout

The process of removing or "knocking out" portions of an underlying colour or background to allow another colour or image to show through. It is commonly used to create text or graphic elements with transparent backgrounds.

Label Rewinder Label Rewinder

A machine or device used to automatically wind labels onto a roll after printing. Label rewinders ensure neat and organized label rolls for easy application.

Label Stock Label Stock

The material or substrate on which labels are printed. Label stock can be paper, film, vinyl, or other materials suitable for labelling applications.

Lamination Lamination

The process of applying a thin layer of plastic film onto printed materials to protect them from moisture, dirt, and wear. Lamination can be glossy or matte and enhances the durability and longevity of printed products.

Large Format Printer Large Format Printer

A printer designed to handle wide rolls of media and print on larger formats than standard desktop printers. Large format printers are commonly used for producing signs, banners, posters, and other oversized prints.

Latex Printer Latex Printer

A type of wide format printer that uses water-based latex inks. Latex printers offer excellent color reproduction, durability, and versatility, as they can print on a wide range of media, including vinyl, fabric, and rigid materials.

Layout Layout

The arrangement and organization of visual elements, such as text, images, and graphics, on a page or within a design. Layout involves creating a visual hierarchy, balancing elements, and considering overall composition.

Leading Leading

The vertical spacing between lines of text in a design. Leading affects legibility and readability, and proper leading ensures that lines of text are neither too tightly packed nor too widely spaced.

Letterpress Letterpress

A traditional printing method where raised surfaces (such as metal or polymer plates) with ink are pressed onto paper to create an impression. Letterpress is known for its tactile quality and is often used for specialty printing.

Line Screen Line Screen

The measure of the number of lines or dots per inch used in halftone printing. Line screens determine the fineness and resolution of halftone dots and affect the overall quality of the printed image.

Lithography Lithography

A printing method based on the principle that oil and water do not mix. It involves using a printing plate with an image area that attracts ink and a non-image area that repels ink. Lithography is commonly used for high-quality commercial printing.

Margins Margins

The blank spaces surrounding the content on a page. Margins help provide visual breathing room, balance the design, and prevent content from being too close to the edge of the page.

Matt Matt

Flat looking stock.

Mockup Mockup

A visual representation or prototype of a design that shows how it will look in its final form. Mockups can be digital or physical and are often used to present and evaluate design concepts.

Offset Printing Offset Printing

A widely used printing technique that involves transferring ink from a plate to a rubber blanket and then onto the printing surface. Offset printing delivers high-quality, consistent prints and is suitable for large print runs.

Outdoor Durability Outdoor Durability

The ability of printed graphics or materials to withstand exposure to outdoor elements such as sunlight, rain, wind, and temperature fluctuations. Outdoor durability is an important consideration for signage and outdoor displays.

Outlined Fonts Outlined Fonts

Fonts that have been outlined in the design software.

Overprinting Overprinting

The printing of one colour or image on top of another. Overprinting is used to create new colours or to achieve certain visual effects by allowing the underlying colours to show through.

Pagination Pagination

The process of assigning page numbers or arranging content in a specific order for printed documents. Pagination is crucial for organizing multi-page materials, such as books, magazines, or catalogues.

Pantone Bridge Pantone Bridge

A colour guide that allows for colour comparison and conversion between Pantone spot colours and their closest CMYK equivalents. The Pantone Bridge guide helps ensure consistent color reproduction across different printing processes.

Pantone Matching System Pantone Matching System

A standardized colour matching system used in the printing industry to ensure consistent and accurate colour reproduction. Pantone colours are identified by specific codes and allow for precise colour communication.

PDF PDF

A file format commonly used in prepress and printing to ensure accurate representation of text, images, and layouts across different devices and platforms. PDF files are widely accepted for print production.

PDFx PDFx

A subset of the PDF file format specifically designed for prepress and printing purposes. PDF/X ensures that files are compliant with industry standards and include all necessary elements for accurate print reproduction.

Perfect Binding Perfect Binding

A method of binding where the pages of a book or magazine are glued to the spine. It creates a flat edge and allows for the printing of text or images on the spine.

Perfecting Press Perfecting Press

An offset printing press that can print on both sides of the paper in a single pass. Perfecting presses have two sets of blankets and cylinders to accommodate the double-sided printing process.

Plate Plate

A metal or polymer plate used in offset printing to transfer the ink onto the printing surface. The plate carries the image or text that needs to be printed.

Plate Chemistry Plate Chemistry

Chemical substances used in offset printing to prepare and process the printing plates. Plate chemistry includes solutions for cleaning, developing, and preserving the plates.

Plate Cylinder Plate Cylinder

The cylinder on an offset printing press that holds and transfers the printing plate. The plate cylinder rotates and brings the printing plate in contact with the blanket cylinder.

Plate Gumming Plate Gumming

The application of a water-soluble gum to the non-image area of the printing plate in offset printing. Plate gumming helps repel ink from the non-image areas and maintain clean image reproduction.

Plate Imaging Plate Imaging

The process of transferring the digital image or design onto the printing plates in offset printing. Plate imaging can be done through various methods, such as computer-to-plate (CTP) systems or computer-to-film (CTF) systems.

Plate Setter Plate Setter

A device used to create printing plates in offset printing. The plate setter transfers the digital image or design onto the printing plates through a process known as plate imaging.

Plotter Plotter

A wide format printer that uses pens or cutting blades to create vector-based drawings or cutouts on various media. Plotters are commonly used for architectural drawings, engineering designs, and vinyl cutting applications.

PostScript PostScript

A page description language developed by Adobe Systems commonly used in prepress and printing workflows. PostScript allows for the accurate representation of fonts, graphics, and page layouts across different devices.

PP PP

Printed Pages.

Preflight Preflight

The process of checking digital files for potential errors or issues that could affect the print quality or production process. Preflight involves verifying image resolution, font embedding, colour profiles, and other technical specifications.

Prepress Prepress

The phase of the printing process that occurs before actual printing, involving all the tasks required to prepare digital files for printing. Prepress includes activities such as file preparation, color management, proofing, and imposition.

Press Check Press Check

A quality control process in offset printing where the printer and client review a sample print sheet together to ensure that the colours, registration, and overall print quality meet the desired specifications.

Press Sheet Press Sheet

A printed sheet of paper produced in an offset printing press. Press sheets are inspected for quality control purposes and are often cut down into individual printed pieces during the finishing process.

Print on Demand Print on Demand

A digital printing workflow where items are printed as needed, rather than in large quantities or in advance. POD allows for efficient production of small quantities, reducing waste and storage costs.

Print Run Print Run

The total number of copies or impressions produced in a single printing job. The print run can range from a few hundred to millions of copies, depending on the requirements.

Print Server Print Server

A dedicated computer or device that manages print jobs, handles print queues, and controls the flow of data between digital devices and the digital printing press. Print servers play a crucial role in digital print production workflows.

Printing Press Printing Press

The machine used for offset printing. It consists of various components, such as the feeder, inking unit, printing plates, blanket cylinder, impression cylinder, and delivery system.

Proofing Proofing

The process of producing a physical or digital proof of a design or print file to review and verify its accuracy, colour representation, and layout before final production. Proofs help identify and correct any potential errors or issues.

Proportional Scaling Proportional Scaling

The adjustment of the size of an object or element while maintaining the original proportions. Proportional scaling ensures that objects are resized uniformly, preserving their visual balance and relationships.

QR Code QR Code

A type of two-dimensional barcode that can be scanned using smartphones or QR code readers to access digital content, website links, or other information. QR codes are used for marketing, tracking, and interactive purposes on labels.

Quality Control Quality Control

The measures and processes implemented to ensure consistent and accurate output in digital printing. Quality control involves monitoring colour accuracy, print registration, image clarity, and overall print quality.

Raster Graphics Raster Graphics

Images created using a grid of individual pixels. Raster graphics are resolution-dependent and can lose quality when scaled up. They are commonly used for photographs and complex illustrations.

Rasterize Rasterize

The process of converting vector graphics or text into raster images. Rasterization is necessary when preparing files for output devices that can only handle raster graphics, such as printers or screens.

Registration Registration

The precise alignment of different colours or elements in a printed design. Accurate registration ensures that colours and images align correctly without any gaps or overlapping.

Registration Marks Registration Marks

Crosshair-like marks placed on a layout or printed piece to assist in aligning colours or elements during the printing process. Registration marks help ensure accurate registration and colour consistency.

Resolution Resolution

The level of detail and sharpness in a printed image, typically measured in dots per inch (DPI) or pixels per inch (PPI). Higher print resolution results in crisper and more detailed prints.

RGB RGB

Stands for Red, Green, and Blue. It is the colour model used for electronic displays such as monitors and screens. RGB colours are additive and are converted to CMYK for printing.

RIP RIP

Software that translates digital image files into a format compatible with the specific digital printing press. RIPs interpret image data, apply color management, and generate printing instructions for optimal output.

Roll-to-Roll Printing Roll-to-Roll Printing

A printing process where a continuous roll of media is fed into the printer, printed on, and then rewound onto a take-up reel. Roll-to-roll printing is ideal for producing large quantities of prints, such as banners and signage.

Saddle Stitching Saddle Stitching

A binding method where folded sheets are stapled together along the fold line using wire staples driven through the centerfold. Saddle stitching is commonly used for brochures, booklets, and magazines.

Saturation Saturation

The intensity or purity of a colour. Highly saturated colours are vibrant and vivid, while desaturated colours appear more muted.

Score Score

The process of creating a crease or indentation on paper or cardstock to facilitate folding. Scoring prevents cracking or tearing along the fold line and ensures clean, professional-looking folds.

Scoring Scoring

Creating a crease or indentation on paper or cardstock to facilitate clean and accurate folding without cracking or damaging the material.

Sheetfed Press Sheetfed Press

An offset printing press designed to print on individual sheets of paper rather than continuous rolls. Sheetfed presses are commonly used for smaller print runs and jobs that require precise registration.

Slug Slug

An area outside the final trim size of a printed piece that contains information such as crop marks, registration marks, color bars, or additional instructions for the printer. Slugs are typically used for reference and are not intended to be part of the final design.

Solvent Printer Solvent Printer

A type of wide format printer that uses solvent-based inks. Solvent printers offer excellent durability, water resistance, and vibrant colors. They are commonly used for outdoor signage and vehicle graphics.

Spot Colour Spot Colour

A single, pre-mixed ink colour used to print specific elements of a design. Spot colours are often used when exact colour matching is required, such as corporate logos.

Spot Varnish Spot Varnish

A glossy or matte varnish applied selectively to specific areas of a printed piece for visual enhancement or to create contrast with the surrounding areas. Spot varnish adds a tactile and visual dimension to printed materials.

Step-and-Repeat Step-and-Repeat

A process of duplicating an image or design multiple times in a precise pattern, often used in large-format printing or creating repetitive patterns on labels or packaging.

Stochastic Printing Stochastic Printing

A high-resolution printing method that uses randomly placed, variable-sized dots to create images. Stochastic printing can achieve smoother tonal transitions and finer detail compared to traditional halftone printing.

Stock Stock

Refers to the type and weight of paper or other material used for printing. Common types include bond, gloss, matte, and cardstock, each with its own characteristics.

Sublimation Printing Sublimation Printing

A printing process that uses heat and pressure to transfer dye onto a substrate, such as fabric or coated materials. Sublimation printing results in vibrant, permanent coloration and is commonly used for textiles and promotional products.

Substrate Substrate

The material or surface onto which a design is printed. It can refer to paper, cardstock, vinyl, fabric, or any other material suitable for printing. The choice of substrate affects the final appearance and durability of the printed product.

Toner Toner

A fine powder used in digital printing systems, such as laser printers or digital presses, to create the image or text. Toner is electrostatically attracted to the printing surface and fused onto the substrate through heat or pressure.

Trapping Trapping

The technique of slightly overlapping adjacent colours or elements to minimize gaps or misregistration caused by printing variations. Trapping compensates for potential misalignments during the printing process and helps ensure clean and accurate colour transitions.

Trim Size Trim Size

Final size of the print product.

Truetype Font Truetype Font

A font format developed by Apple that defines characters using mathematical curves. Truetype fonts are widely used in digital publishing and can be scaled to any size without loss of quality.

Typography Typography

The art and technique of arranging and designing typefaces to make written language readable, legible, and visually appealing. Typography includes selecting appropriate fonts, sizing, spacing, and arranging text elements.

Uncoated Paper Uncoated Paper

No coating, similar to laser stock, absorbs more ink.

UV Coating UV Coating

A clear liquid coating applied to a printed piece in offset printing, then cured instantly using ultraviolet (UV) light. UV coating provides a protective layer that enhances durability, glossiness, and scratch resistance.

UV Printing UV Printing

UV printing, also known as ultraviolet printing, is a digital printing technique that uses ultraviolet (UV) light to cure or dry the ink instantly.

Variable Data Printing Variable Data Printing

The capability to print customized content on each printed piece using variable data from a database or external source. VDP enables personalization, such as printing individual names, addresses, or unique QR codes on each piece.

Varnish Varnish

A clear liquid coating applied to printed materials to provide a protective layer and enhance visual appeal. Varnish can be applied as an all-over coating or selectively to specific areas for highlighting or spot gloss effects.

Vector Graphics Vector Graphics

Graphics created using mathematical equations to define shapes and lines. Vector graphics are resolution-independent and can be scaled without loss of quality. They are commonly used in logo design and illustrations.

Vehicle Wrap Vehicle Wrap

A printed graphic or vinyl film applied to the surface of a vehicle for advertising, branding, or customization purposes. Vehicle wraps can completely or partially cover a vehicle, transforming its appearance.

Vignette Vignette

A gradual fading or blending effect at the edges of an image or design element. It creates a soft transition from the main subject to the background.

Visual Hierarchy Visual Hierarchy

The arrangement and prioritization of design elements based on their importance or significance. Visual hierarchy guides the viewer's eye through a design and helps emphasize key messages or elements.

Visual Identity Visual Identity

The consistent visual representation of a brand or organization through the use of logos, colours, typography, and design elements. Visual identity helps create recognition, establish brand personality, and maintain brand consistency.

Wall Graphics Wall Graphics

Printed graphics or murals applied directly to walls or other large surfaces for decorative or informational purposes. Wall graphics are commonly used for interior décor, retail displays, and environmental branding.

Washup Washup

The process of cleaning ink from the printing press, rollers, and plates between print runs or when changing ink colours.

Watermark Watermark

A faint, translucent design or pattern that is either embedded in paper during the manufacturing process or added digitally to printed materials. Watermarks are used for security or branding purposes and are often visible when held up to light.

Web Offset Printing Web Offset Printing

An offset printing method where the paper is fed from a continuous roll instead of individual sheets. Web offset printing is used for high-volume print runs and is commonly used for newspaper and magazine production.

Web-to-Print Web-to-Print

An online platform or service that allows users to customize, order, and print materials directly from a website or web-based interface. W2P streamlines the print ordering process, reduces errors, and offers convenience to customers.

White Space White Space

The empty or unmarked space between and around design elements. White space helps improve readability, focus attention, and create visual balance in a design.

Wide Format Printing Wide Format Printing

The process of printing large-scale graphics or designs on materials wider than the standard printing format. Wide format printing is commonly used for signage, banners, posters, vehicle wraps, and trade show displays.

Window Graphics Window Graphics

Printed graphics or films applied to windows or glass surfaces for advertising, branding, or privacy purposes. Window graphics can include perforated films that allow visibility from the inside while displaying graphics on the outside.

Wire-O Binding Wire-O Binding

A type of binding where a double-loop wire is inserted through holes along the edge of a document, securing the pages together. Wire-O binding allows for easy flipping of pages and allows the book to lay flat when open.

X-height X-height

The height of lowercase letters, typically excluding ascenders and descenders. X-height is an important typographic consideration for legibility and overall visual harmony.

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